The Gospel and the Apostles

Table of Contents

The Gospel and the Apostles:

A - The Synoptic Problem:

B - The Gospel of John:

C - The Apostolic Letters:

Communal Truth:

Appendix - Page 7


The Writing of Luke

This table gives a detailed account of how Luke used Mark and Matthew as his sources according to the theory proposed in this work. The Gospels have been divided into pericopes based on those in Aland’s Synopsis Quattuor Evangeliorum, and follow its numbering scheme. Some pericopes have been further subdivided (and designated “a” and “b” accordingly).

The column for Mark shows those pericopes which Luke did use which are not parallel to Matthew in red and pericopes which are parallel in purple (regardless of whether Luke used Mark’s or Matthew’s version). In Matthew’s column, pericopes which Luke did use which are not parallel to Mark are blue and pericopes which are parallel are purple (the intersection of Matthew’s blue with Mark’s red). Material not used by Luke from either Mark or Matthew is grey. In Luke’s column, pericopes unique to Luke are shown as yellow, whereas those pericopes he took from Matthew are either blue (if he remained largely faithful to them) or green (the intersection of Matthew’s blue with Luke’s yellow), if he expanded or departed from them. Those pericopes Luke took from Mark are either red (if he remained faithful to them) or orange (the intersection of Mark’s red with Luke’s yellow), if he expanded or departed from them.

The column between Mark and Luke shows specifically which verses from Mark were used by Luke. Verses in parentheses are verses from a different context in Mark which have a loose parallel with verses in the corresponding pericope in Luke. Pericopes marked “to” and “from” show passages which have been displaced in Luke, with the number references representing the pericope designations in the first column. Pericope numbers in Mark’s column in square brackets show where the parallel pericope in Matthew is located in the table (when its order is different in relation to Luke). The same conventions are used in the column between Matthew and Luke to show the verses Luke has used from Matthew.


PericopePericope Description Mark--->Luke<---Matthew
INTRODUCTION - Birth Narratives
1Prologue1:1-4
2The Promise of the Birth of John the Baptist 1:5-25
3The Annunciation 1:26-38(1:20-21)
4Mary's Visit to Elizabeth 1:39-56
5The Birth of John the Baptist 1:57-80
6The Genealogy of Jesus (to 19)1:1-17
7aThe Promise and Birth of Jesus (to 3)1:18-25
7bThe Birth of Jesus2:1-7
8The Shepherds Adore the Infant Jesus 2:8-20
9aThe Circumcision and Presentation 2:21-38
9bThe Magi Adore the Infant Jesus 2:1-12
10The Flight into Egypt and Return 2:13-21
11The Childhood of Jesus at Nazareth 2:39-40(2:22-23)2:22-23
12The Boy Jesus in the Temple 2:41-52
EXPOSITION: 1st Theme Group - The Baptism and Temptation
13John the Baptist1:1-6 (to 107)3:1-63:1-33:1-6
14John's Preaching of Repentance 3:7-93:7-93:7-10
15John Replies to Questioners 3:10-14
16John's Messianic Preaching1:7-8 3:15-183:11-123:11-12
17The Imprisonment of John 3:19-2014:3-4from 144a
18The Baptism of Jesus1:9-11 3:21-223:13,16-173:13-17
19The Genealogy of Jesus 3:23-38(1:1-17)
20aIn the Wilderness1:12-13 4:1-24:1-24:1-2
20bThe Temptation 4:3-134:3-104:3-11
30The Journey into Galilee1:14-15 4:144:124:12
32Ministry in Galilee 4:154:174:13-17
33aJesus' Preaching at Nazareth 4:16-2213:54-55,57from 139
33bJesus Rejected at Nazareth 4:23-30
34The Call of the Disciples 1:16-20to 41b4:18-22
2nd Theme Group - Initial Ministry
35Teaching in the Synagogue in Capernaum 1:21-221:21-224:31-32[76]
36The Healing of the Demoniac 1:23-281:23-284:33-37
37Healing of Peter's Mother-in-law 1:29-311:29-314:38-39[87]
38The Sick Healed at Evening 1:32-341:32,344:40-41[88]
39Jesus Departs from Capernaum 1:35-381:35-384:42-43
40First Preaching Tour in Galilee 1:391:394:444:23
41aThe Miraculous Draught of Fish 5:1-7
41bThe Call of the Disciples from 341:16-205:8-11
42The Cleansing of the Leper 1:40-451:40-455:12-16[84]
43The Healing of the Paralytic 2:1-122:1-125:17-26[92]
44The Call of Levi 2:13-172:13-175:27-32[93]
45The Question about Fasting 2:18-222:18-225:33-39[94]
46Plucking Grain on the Sabbath 2:23-282:23-286:1-5[111]
47Healing the Withered Hand 3:1-63:1-66:6-11[112]
48Jesus Heals Multitudes by the Sea 3:7-12(to 50)[113]
49The Choosing of the Twelve3:13-19 3:13-14,16-196:12-16[99a]
1st Themes Repeated - The Sermon on the Plain
50 [77]Occasion of the Sermon (3:8-10)6:17-194:25-5:24:24-5:2
51 [78]The Beatitudes 6:20-235:3,6,11-125:3-12
51x [79]The Woes6:24-26
52The Salt of the Earth to 2185:13
53The Light of the World to 1925:14-16
54On the Law and the Prophets (to 226)5:17-20
55On Murder and Wrath to 2065:21-26
56aOn Adultery5:27-30
56bOn Divorce to 2275:31-32
57On Oaths5:33-37
59 [80]On Love of One's Enemies 6:27-365:39-42,44-48;7:125:38-48
60On Almsgiving6:1-4
61On Prayer6:5-6
62The Lord's Prayer to 1856:7-15
63On Fasting6:16-18
64On Treasures to 2026:19-21
65The Sound Eye to 1936:22-23
66On Serving Two Masters to 2246:24
67On Anxiety to 2016:25-34
68 [81]On Judging (4:21)6:37-427:1-5 (;15:14;10:24-25)7:1-5
69On Profaning the Holy7:6
70God's Answering of Prayer to 1877:7-11
71The Golden Rule to 597:12
72The Narrow Door to 211a7:13-14
73a [82a]By their Fruits 6:43-447:16,187:15-20
73b [82b]Good Treasure 6:4512:35from 118b
74 [83a]Saying Lord Lord 6:467:217:21-23
75 [83b]The House Built upon the Rock 6:47-497:24-277:24-27
76The Effect of the Sermon [35]7:28-8:1
84Cleansing the Leper [42]8:2-4
85The Centurion of Capernaum 7:1-108:5-138:5-13
86The Widow's Son at Nain 7:11-17
87Healing of Peter's Mother-in-law [37]8:14-15
88The Sick Healed at Evening [38]8:16
89On Following Jesus [136]to 1768:17-23
90Stilling the Storm [136]8:24-27
91The Gadarene Demoniacs [137]8:28-9:1
92The Healing of the Paralytic [43]9:2-8
93The Call of Levi [44]9:9-13
94The Question about Fasting [45]9:14-17
95Jairus' Daughter and the Woman [138]9:18-26
96Two Blind Men9:27-31
97The Dumb Demoniac to 1889:32-34
98The Harvest Is Great to 1779:35-38
99aThe Choosing the Twelve [49]10:1-4
99bCommissioning the Twelve [142]to 17710:5-16
100The Fate of the Disciples [289](to 198)10:17-22
101Exhortation to Fearless Confession to 196 (,68)10:23-33
102Divisions within Households to 20410:34-36
103Conditions of Discipleship to 217 (,235)10:37-39
104Rewards of Discipleship to 17910:40-42
105Continuation of Journey 11:1
106John the Baptist's Question 7:18-2311:2-611:2-6
107Jesus' Witness concerning John (1:2)7:24-3511:7-11,16-1911:7-19
108Woes Pronounced on Galilean Cities to 17811:20-24
109Jesus' Thanksgiving to the Father to 181a11:25-27
110Come to Me11:28-30
111Plucking Grain on the Sabbath [46]12:1-8
112Healing the Withered Hand [47]12:9-14
113Jesus Heals Multitudes by the Sea [48]12:15-21
114aThe Woman with the Ointment 7:36-3926:6-10from 306
114bHe who is Forgiven Little Loves Little 7:40-50
115The Ministering Women 8:1-3
2nd Themes Repeated - Parables of the Kingdom
116Jesus Is Thought to be Beside Himself 3:20-21
117On Collusion with Satan 3:22-27to 18812:22-30
118aThe Sin against the Holy Spirit 3:28-30to 19712:31-32
118bGood Treasure to 73b12:33-37
119The Sign of Jonah to 19112:38-42
120The Return of the Evil Spirit to 18912:43-45
121Jesus' True Kindred 3:31-35to 13512:46-50
122The Parable of the Sower 4:1-94:1-98:4-813:1-9
123aThe Reason for Speaking in Parables 4:10-124:10-128:9-1013:10-15
123bThe Blessedness of the Disciples to 181b13:16-17
124Interpretation of the Parable of the Sower4:13-20 4:13-208:11-1513:18-23
125He who has Ears to Hear 4:21-254:21-258:16-18
126The Parable of the Seed Growing Secretly 4:26-29
127The Parable of the Tares 13:24-30
128The Parable of the Mustard Seed 4:30-32to 20913:31-32
129The Parable of the Leaven to 21013:33
130Jesus' Use of Parables 4:33-3413:34-35
131Interpretation of the Parable of the Tares 13:36-43
132The Parable of the Hidden Treasure 13:44-46
133The Parable of the Net 13:47-50
134Treasures New and Old 13:51-53
135Jesus' True Kindred from 1213:31-33,358:19-21
136Stilling the Storm 4:35-414:35-418:22-25[89,90]
137The Gerasene Demoniac 5:1-205:1-208:26-39[91]
138Jairus' Daughter and the Woman5:21-43 5:21-27,29-438:40-56[95]
139Jesus is Rejected at Nazareth 6:1-6to 33a13:54-58
142Commissioning the Twelve 6:7-136:7-139:1-6[99b]
143Opinions regarding Jesus 6:14-166:14-169:7-914:1-2
144aThe Imprisonment of John the Baptist 6:17-20to 1714:3-5
144bThe Death of John the Baptist 6:21-2914:6-12
145The Return of the Apostles 6:30-316:309:10
146Five Thousand are Fed6:32-44 6:32-449:11-1714:13-21
147The Walking on the Water 6:45-5314:22-34
148Healings at Gennesaret 6:54-5614:35-36
150Defilement - Traditional and Real 7:1-23(to 68,194a)15:1-20
151The Syrophoenician Woman 7:24-3015:21-28
152Jesus Heals a Deaf Mute 7:31-3715:29-31
153Four Thousand are Fed 8:1-1015:32-39
154The Pharisees Seek a Sign8:11-13 (to 191)to 20516:1-4
155The Leaven of the Pharisees 8:14-21to 19516:5-12
156A Blind Man is Healed at Bethsaida 8:22-26
Codetta - The Transfiguration
158Peter's Confession8:27-30 8:27-309:18-2116:13-20
159Jesus Foretells His Passion 8:31-338:319:2216:21-23
160If Any Man would Come after Me8:34-9:1 8:34-36,38-9:19:23-2716:24-28
161The Transfiguration 9:2-109:2-8,109:28-3617:1-9
162The Coming of Elijah 9:11-1317:10-13
163Jesus Heals a Boy Possessed9:14-299:14,17-20,25,27 9:37-42(to 231)17:14-21
164Jesus Foretells His Passion again9:30-32 9:31-329:43-4517:22-23
165Payment of the Temple Tax 17:24-27
166True Greatness 9:33-379:33-379:46-4818:1-5
167The Strange Exorcist 9:38-419:38-409:49-50
168Warnings concerning Temptations 9:42-50to 22918:6-9
169The Parable of the Lost Sheep to 21918:10-14
170On Reproving One's Brother (to 230)18:15-18
171Where Two or Three are Gathered 18:19-20
172On Reconciliation (to 230)18:21-22
173The Parable of the Unforgiving Servant 18:23-35
DEVELOPMENT - The Journey to Jerusalem
174Decision to Go to Jerusalem 9:51
175Jesus is Rejected by Samaritans 9:52-56
176On Following Jesus 9:57-628:19-22from 89
177Commissioning the Seventy(6:7-13) 10:1-129:37-38;10:7-10,12-16from 98,99b
178Woes Pronounced on Galilean Cities 10:13-1511:21-23from 108
179He who Hears You Hears Me 10:1610:40from 104
180The Return of the Seventy 10:17-20
181aJesus' Thanksgiving to the Father 10:21-2211:25-27from 109
181bThe Blessedness of the Disciples 10:23-2413:16-17from 123b
182The Lawyer's Question 10:25-2822:35-37,39from 282
183The Parable of the Good Samaritan 10:29-37
184Mary and Martha10:38-42
185The Lord's Prayer 11:1-46:9-13from 62
186The Importunate Friend at Midnight 11:5-8
187Encouragement to Pray 11:9-137:7-11from 70
188The Beelzebub Controversy 11:14-239:32-34;12:22-30from 97,117
189The Return of the Evil Spirit 11:24-2612:43-45from 120
190True Blessedness 11:27-28
191The Sign of Jonah (8:12)11:29-3212:39-42from 119
192Concerning Light (4:21)11:335:15from 53
193The Sound Eye 11:34-366:22-23from 65
194aWashing Hands 11:37-41(15:1-3)
194bDiscourses Against the Pharisees 11:42-5423:4,6-7,13,23,27-32,34-36from 284a,284b
195The Leaven of the Pharisees 12:116:6from 155
196Exhortation to Fearless Confession (4:22;8:38)12:2-910:26-33from 101
197The Sin against the Holy Spirit 12:1012:32from 118a
198The Assistance of the Holy Spirit (13:11)12:11-12(10:19-20)
199Warning against Avarice 12:13-15
200The Parable of the Rich Fool 12:16-21
201Anxieties about Earthly Things 12:22-326:25-34from 67
202Treasures in Heaven 12:33-346:19-21from 64
203aWatchfulness (13:35)12:35-4024:43-44from 296
203bFaithfulness 12:41-4824:45-51from 297
204Division in Households (10:38)12:49-5310:34-35from 102
205Interpreting the Times 12:54-5616:2-3from 154
206Agreement with One's Accuser 12:57-595:25-26from 55
207aRepentance or Destruction 13:1-5
207bThe Parable of the Barren Fig Tree 13:6-9
208The Healing of the Crippled Woman 13:10-17
209The Parable of the Mustard Seed 13:18-1913:31-32from 128
210The Parable of the Leaven 13:20-2113:33from 129
211aThe Narrow Door 13:22-247:13-14from 72
211bExclusion from the Kingdom 13:25-30(7:22-23;8:11-12;19:30)
212A Warning against Herod 13:31-33
213The Lament over Jerusalem 13:34-3523:37-39from 285
214The Healing of the Man with Dropsy 14:1-6
215Teaching on Humility 14:7-14
216The Parable of the Great Supper 14:15-2422:1-3,5-10from 279
217The Conditions of Discipleship (8:34)14:25-3310:37-38from 103
218The Parable of Salt (9:49-50)14:34-355:13from 52
219The Parable of the Lost Sheep 15:1-718:12-14from 169
220The Parable of the Lost Coin 15:8-10
221The Parable of the Prodigal Son 15:11-32
222The Parable of the Unjust Steward 16:1-9
223On Faithfulness in What is Least 16:10-12
224On Serving Two Masters 16:136:24from 66
225The Pharisees Reproved 16:14-15
226Concerning the Law 16:16-17(11:12-13;5:18)
227Concerning Divorce (10:11-12)16:185:32 (;19:9)from 56b
228The Parable of the Rich Man and Lazarus 16:19-31
229Warning against Offences from 1689:4217:1-2
230On Forgiveness 17:3-4(18:15,21-22)
231On Faith 17:5-6(17:20;21:21)
232We are Unprofitable Servants 17:7-10
233The Cleansing of the Ten Lepers 17:11-19
234On the Coming of the Kingdom of God 17:20-21
235The Day of the Son of Man 17:22-3724:17-18,26-28,37-41 (;10:39)from 290,291,296
236The Parable of the Unjust Judge 18:1-8
Retransition - The Pharisee and the Publican
237The Pharisee and the Publican 18:9-14
251Departure to Judea 10:119:1-2
252On Divorce and Celibacy10:2-12 (to 227)(to 227)19:3-12
253Jesus Blesses the Children10:13-16 10:13-1518:15-1719:13-15
254The Rich Young Man10:17-22 10:17-2218:18-2319:16-22
255aOn Riches10:23-27 10:23,25-2718:24-2719:23-26
255bThe Rewards of Discipleship10:28-31 10:28-3018:28-30to 313b19:27-30
256The Parable of the Labourers in Vineyard 20:1-16
262The Third Prediction of the Passion10:32-34 10:32-3418:31-3420:17-19
263aThe Sons of Zebedee 10:35-40(to 204)20:20-23
263bPrecedence among the Disciples 10:41-45to 313a20:24-28
264The Healing of the Blind Men10:46-52 10:46-5218:35-4320:29-34
265Zacchaeus19:1-10
266The Parable of the Pounds 19:11-2725:14-30from 299
RECAPITULATION: 1st Section - In Jerusalem
269The Triumphal Entry11:1-10 11:1-1019:28-4021:1-9
270Jesus Weeps over Jerusalem 19:41-44
271Jesus in Jerusalem 11:1121:10-17
272The Cursing of the Fig Tree 11:12-1421:18-19
273The Cleansing of the Temple11:15-17 11:15,1719:45-46[271]
274The Chief Priests Conspire against Jesus 11:18-1911:1819:47-48
275The Fig Tree Is Withered 11:20-26(to 231)21:20-22
276The Question about Authority11:27-33 11:27-3320:1-821:23-27
277The Parable of the Two Sons 21:28-32
278The Parable of the Wicked Husbandmen12:1-12 12:1-10,1220:9-1921:33-46
279The Parable of the Great Supper to 21622:1-15
280On Paying Tribute to Caesar12:13-17 12:13-1720:20-2622:16-22
281The Question about the Resurrection12:18-27 12:18-2720:27-4022:23-33
282The Great Commandment 12:28-34to 18222:34-40
283The Question about David's Son12:35-37 12:35-3720:41-4422:41-46
284aBeware of the Scribes12:38-40 12:38-4020:45-47to 194b23:1-7
284bWoe to the Scribes and Pharisees to 194b23:8-36
285Jesus' Lament over Jerusalem to 21323:37-39
286The Widow's Mite 12:41-4412:41-4421:1-4
287Prediction of the Destruction of Temple 13:1-213:1-221:5-624:1-2
288Signs before the End 13:3-813:3-821:7-1124:3-8
289Persecutions Foretold13:9-13 13:9,11-1321:12-1924:9-14
290The Desolating Sacrilege13:14-20 13:14,17,1921:20-24to 23524:15-22
291False Christs and False Prophets 13:21-23to 23524:23-28
292The Coming of the Son of Man13:24-27 13:24-2621:25-2824:29-31
293The Time of the Coming13:28-32 13:28-3121:29-3324:32-36
294Take Heed Watch 13:33-37(to 203a)
295Take Heed to Yourselves 21:34-36
296The Parable of the Flood to 203a, 23524:37-44
297The Parable of the Good Servants to 203b24:45-51
298The Parable of the Ten Virgins 25:1-13
299The Parable of the Talents to 26625:14-30
300The Last Judgement 25:31-46
301The Ministry of Jesus in Jerusalem 21:37-38
2nd Section - The Passion
305Jesus' Death is Premeditated 14:1-214:1-222:1-226:1-5
306The Anointing in Bethany 14:3-9to 114a26:6-13
307The Betrayal by Judas14:10-11 14:10-1122:3-626:14-16
308Preparation for the Passover14:12-17 14:12-1722:7-1426:17-20
310Jesus Foretells His Betrayal 14:18-21to 31226:21-25
311The Last Supper14:22-25 14:22-2522:15-2026:26-30
312Jesus Foretells His Betrayal 22:21-2326:21-24from 310
313aPrecedence among the Disciples 22:24-2720:24-28from 263b
313bThe Rewards of Discipleship 22:28-3019:28from 255b
315Peter's Denial Predicted14:26-31 22:31-3426:33-3426:31-35
316The Two Swords22:35-38
330Gethsemane14:32-42 22:39-4626:36,39-4126:36-46
331aJesus Arrested14:43-50 22:47-5326:47,49-52,55-5626:47-56
331bA Young Man Flees 14:51-52
332Jesus before the Sanhedrin 14:53-65to 333b26:57-68
333aPeter's Denial14:66-72 22:54-6226:69-7526:69-75
333bJesus before the Sanhedrin 22:63-7126:57-58,63-65,67-68from 332
334Jesus Delivered to Pilate 15:115:123:127:1-2
335The Death of Judas 27:3-10
336The Trial before Pilate 15:2-515:223:2-527:11-14
337Jesus before Herod 23:6-12
338Pilate Declares Jesus Innocent 23:13-16
339Jesus or Barabbas15:6-14 15:6-8,12-1423:17-2327:15-23
341Pilate Delivers Jesus to be Crucified 15:1515:1523:24-2527:24-26
342Jesus Mocked by the Soldiers 15:16-2027:27-31
343aThe Road to Golgotha 15:2115:2123:2627:32
343bDaughters of Jerusalem 23:27-32
344The Crucifixion15:22-26 15:22,24-2623:33-3427:33-37
345Jesus Derided on the Cross15:27-31 15:27-3123:35-3827:38-43
346The Two Thieves 15:3215:3223:39-4327:44
347The Death of Jesus15:33-39 15:33,36-3923:44-4827:45-54
348Witnesses of the Crucifixion15:40-41 15:40-4123:4927:55-56
350The Burial of Jesus15:42-47 15:43,4623:50-5627:57-61
351The Guard at the Tomb 27:62-66
CODA - The Resurrection
352The Women at the Tomb16:1-8 (16:1-8)24:1-9(28:1-8)28:1-8
353Jesus Appears to the Women [16:9-11]24:10-12(28:9-10)28:9-10
354The Report of the Guard 28:11-15
355The Way to Emmaus [16:12-13]24:13-35
356Jesus Appears to His Disciples [16:14]24:36-43
364The Great Commission [16:15-18]28:16-20
365Jesus' Last Words and Ascension [16:19-20]24:44-53