Table of Contents
The Gospel and the Apostles:
A - The Synoptic Problem:
B - The Gospel of John:
C - The Apostolic Letters:
Communal Truth:
- APPENDIX
- Pages:
- 1 - Introduction
- 2 - Patristic Evidence
- 3 - Common Synoptic Material
- 4 - Displaced Triple Tradition
- 5 - The Double Tradition as per Q
- 6 - Mark as per Griesbach
- 7 - The Writing of Luke
- 8 - The Translation of Matthew
- 9 - Clarifying Verses Added to Matthew
- 10 - Semitic Matthew
- 11 - An Essay on the Prologue of John
- 12 - Bibliography
Appendix - Page 6
Mark According to Griesbach
This table gives a detailed account of how Mark would have used Matthew and Luke as his sources according to the Griesbach theory, based on Orchard and Riley’s The Order of the Synoptics: Why Three Synoptic Gospels?. The Gospels have been divided into pericopes based on those in Aland’s Synopsis Quattuor Evangeliorum, and follow its numbering scheme. Some pericopes have been further subdivided (and designated “a” and “b” accordingly). Passages where Mark would have skipped over multiple pericopes in Matthew and Luke are designated in all capitals under the pericope description.
The column for Matthew shows those pericopes which Mark would have used which are not parallel to Luke in blue and pericopes which are parallel in green (regardless of whether Mark would have used Matthew’s or Luke’s version). In Luke’s column, pericopes which Mark would have used which are not parallel to Matthew are yellow and pericopes which are parallel are green (the intersection of Matthew’s blue with Luke’s yellow). Material not included in Mark from either Matthew or Luke is grey. In Mark’s column, pericopes unique to Mark are shown as red, whereas those pericopes he would have taken from Matthew are purple (the intersection of Matthew’s blue with Mark’s red). Those pericopes Mark would have taken from Luke are orange (the intersection of Mark’s red with Luke’s yellow).
The column between Matthew and Mark shows specifically which verses from Matthew would have been used by Mark. Pericope numbers in Matthew’s column in square brackets show where the parallel pericope in Luke is located in the table (when its order is different in relation to Mark). The same conventions are used in the column between Mark and Luke to show the verses Mark would have used from Luke.
| Pericope | Pericope Description | Matthew | ---> | Mark | <--- | Luke |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Initial Galilean Ministry | ||||||
| 1-12 | BIRTH NARRATIVES | 1:1-2:23 | 1:1-2:52 | |||
| 13 | John the Baptist | 3:1-6 | (11:10), 3:1-3,5-6 | 1:1-6 | ||
| 14-15 | JOHN'S PREACHING | 3:7-10 | 3:7-14 | |||
| 16 | John's Messianic Preaching | 3:11-12 | 3:11 | 1:7-8 | 3:15-18 | |
| 17 | The Imprisonment of John | [144a] | [144a] | 3:19-20 | ||
| 18 | The Baptism of Jesus | 3:13-17 | 1:9-11 | 3:21-22 | 3:21-22 | |
| 19 | The Genealogy of Jesus | 3:23-38 | ||||
| 20a | In the Wilderness | 4:1-2 | 1:12-13 | 4:1-2 | 4:1-2 | |
| 20b | The Temptation | 4:3-11 | 4:3-13 | |||
| 30 | The Journey into Galilee | 4:12 | 4:12 | 1:14 | 4:14 | |
| 32-33 | MINISTRY IN GALILEE AND NAZARETH | 4:13-16 | 4:15-30 | |||
| 34 | The Call of the Disciples | 4:17-22 | 4:17-22 | 1:15-20 | [41] | |
| 35 | Teaching in the Synagogue in Capernaum | [76] | 1:21-22 | 4:31-32 | 4:31-32 | |
| 36 | The Healing of the Demoniac | 1:23-28 | 4:33-37 | 4:33-37 | ||
| 37 | Healing of Peter's Mother-in-law | [87] | 1:29-31 | 4:38-39 | 4:38-39 | |
| 38 | The Sick Healed at Evening | [88] | 1:32-34 | 4:40-41 | 4:40-41 | |
| 39 | Jesus Departs from Capernaum | 1:35-38 | 4:42-43 | 4:42-43 | ||
| 40 | First Preaching Tour in Galilee | 4:23 | 1:39 | 4:44 | 4:44 | |
| 41 | The Miraculous Draught of Fish | [34] | [34] | 5:1-11 | ||
| 42 | The Cleansing of the Leper | [84] | 1:40-45 | 5:12-16 | 5:12-16 | |
| 43 | The Healing of the Paralytic | [92] | 2:1-12 | 5:17-26 | 5:17-26 | |
| 44 | The Call of Levi | [93] | 2:13-17 | 5:27-32 | 5:27-32 | |
| 45 | The Question about Fasting | [94] | 2:18-22 | 5:33-38 | 5:33-39 | |
| 46 | Plucking Grain on the Sabbath | [111] | 2:23-28 | 6:1-5 | 6:1-5 | |
| 47 | Healing the Withered Hand | [112] | 3:1-6 | 6:6-11 | 6:6-11 | |
| 50-76 | THE SERMON ON THE MOUNT | 4:24-8:1 | ||||
| 84-99 | MIRACLES AND DISCIPLES | 8:2-10:16 | ||||
| 100 | The Fate of the Disciples | 10:17-22 | to 289a | |||
| 101-112 | DISCIPLESHIP AND JOHN'S QUESTION | 10:23-12:14 | ||||
| 113a [48] | Jesus Heals Multitudes by the Sea | 12:15-21 | 12:15-17 | 3:7-12 | ||
| 113b [49] | The Choosing of the Twelve | [99] | 3:13-19 | 6:12-16 | 6:12-16 | |
| 113c | THE SERMON ON THE PLAIN | 6:17-49 | ||||
| 113d-115 | MIRACLES AND JOHN'S QUESTION | 7:1-8:3 | ||||
| 116 | Jesus Is Thought to be Beside Himself | 3:20-21 | ||||
| 117 | On Collusion with Satan | 12:22-30 | 12:24-26 | 3:22-27 | [188] | |
| 118a | The Sin against the Holy Spirit | 12:31-32 | 12:31-32 | 3:28-30 | [197] | |
| 118b-120 | SAYINGS | 12:33-45 | ||||
| 121 | Jesus' True Kindred | 12:46-50 | 12:46-50 | 3:31-35 | [135] | |
| 122 | The Parable of the Sower | 13:1-9 | 4:1-9 | 8:4-8 | 8:4-8 | |
| 123a | The Reason for Speaking in Parables | 13:10-15 | 4:10-12 | 8:9-10 | 8:9-10 | |
| 123b | The Blessedness of the Disciples | 13:16-17 | [181] | |||
| 124 | Interpretation of the Parable of the Sower | 13:18-23 | 4:13-20 | 8:11-15 | 8:11-15 | |
| 125 | He who has Ears to Hear | 4:21-25 | 8:16-18 | 8:16-18 | ||
| 126 | The Parable of the Seed Growing Secretly | 4:26-29 | ||||
| 127 | The Parable of the Tares | 13:24-30 | ||||
| 128 | The Parable of the Mustard Seed | 13:31-32 | 13:31-32 | 4:30-32 | [209] | |
| 129 | The Parable of the Leaven | 13:33 | [210] | |||
| 130 | Jesus' Use of Parables | 13:34-35 | 13:34 | 4:33-34 | ||
| 131-134 | PARABLES OF THE KINGDOM | 13:36-53 | ||||
| 135 | Jesus' True Kindred | [121] | [121] | 8:19-21 | ||
| 136 | Stilling the Storm | [89,90] | 4:35-41 | 8:22-25 | 8:22-25 | |
| 137 | The Gerasene Demoniac | [91] | 5:1-20 | 8:26-39 | 8:26-39 | |
| 138 | Jairus' Daughter and the Woman | [95] | 5:21-43 | 8:40-56 | 8:40-56 | |
| Expanded Galilean Ministry | ||||||
| 139 | Jesus is Rejected at Nazareth | 13:54-58 | 13:54-58 | 6:1-6 | [33] | |
| 142 | Commissioning the Twelve | [99] | 6:7-13 | 9:1,3-6 | 9:1-6 | |
| 143 | Opinions regarding Jesus | 14:1-2 | 6:14-16 | 9:7-9 | 9:7-9 | |
| 144a | The Imprisonment of John the Baptist | 14:3-5 | 14:3-5 | 6:17-20 | [17] | |
| 144b | The Death of John the Baptist | 14:6-12 | 14:6-12 | 6:21-29 | ||
| 145 | The Return of the Apostles | 6:30-31 | 9:10 | 9:10 | ||
| 146 | Five Thousand are Fed | 14:13-21 | 6:32-44 | 9:11-17 | 9:11-17 | |
| 147 | The Walking on the Water | 14:22-34 | 14:22-27 | 6:45-53 | ||
| 148 | Healings at Gennesaret | 14:35-36 | 14:35-36 | 6:54-56 | ||
| 150 | Defilement - Traditional and Real | 15:1-20 | 15:1-12,16-20 | 7:1-23 | ||
| 151 | The Syrophoenician Woman | 15:21-28 | 15:21-22,25-28 | 7:24-30 | ||
| 152 | Jesus Heals a Deaf Mute | 15:29-31 | 15:29-31 | 7:31-37 | ||
| 153 | Four Thousand are Fed | 15:32-39 | 15:32-39 | 8:1-10 | ||
| 154 | The Pharisees Seek a Sign | 16:1-4 | 16:1,4 | 8:11-13 | [205] | |
| 155 | The Leaven of the Pharisees | 16:5-12 | 16:5-11 | 8:14-21 | [195] | |
| 156 | A Blind Man is Healed at Bethsaida | 8:22-26 | ||||
| 158 | Peter's Confession | 16:13-20 | 16:13-16,20 | 8:27-30 | 9:18-21 | |
| 159 | Jesus Foretells His Passion | 16:21-23 | 16:21-23 | 8:31-33 | 9:22 | |
| 160 | If Any Man would Come after Me | 16:24-28 | 16:24-28 | 8:34-9:1 | 9:23-27 | |
| 161 | The Transfiguration | 17:1-9 | 17:1-5,8-9 | 9:2-10 | 9:28-36 | |
| 162 | The Coming of Elijah | 17:10-13 | 17:10-12 | 9:11-13 | ||
| 163 | Jesus Heals a Boy Possessed | 17:14-21 | 17:14-19 | 9:14-29 | 9:37-42 | |
| 164 | Jesus Foretells His Passion again | 17:22-23 | 17:22-23 | 9:30-32 | 9:43-45 | |
| 165 | Payment of the Temple Tax | 17:24-27 | ||||
| 166 | True Greatness | 18:1-5 | 18:1-2,5 | 9:33-37 | 9:46-48 | |
| 167 | The Strange Exorcist | 9:38-41 | 9:49-50 | 9:49-50 | ||
| 168 | Warnings concerning Temptations | 18:6-9 | 18:6,8-9 (;5:13) | 9:42-50 | [229] (14:34) | |
| 169-173 | THE COMMUNITY | 18:10-35 | ||||
| Judean Ministry | ||||||
| 174-237 | THE JOURNEY TO JERUSALEM | 9:51-18:14 | ||||
| 251 | Departure to Judea | 19:1-2 | 19:1-2 | 10:1 | ||
| 252 | On Divorce and Celibacy | 19:3-12 | 19:3-6,9 | 10:2-12 | ||
| 253 | Jesus Blesses the Children | 19:13-15 | 10:13-16 | 18:15-17 | 18:15-17 | |
| 254 | The Rich Young Man | 19:16-22 | 19:16-22 | 10:17-22 | 18:18-23 | |
| 255a | On Riches | 19:23-26 | 19:23-26 | 10:23-27 | 18:24-27 | |
| 255b | The Rewards of Discipleship | 19:27-30 | 19:27,29-30 | 10:28-31 | 18:28-30 | |
| 256 | The Parable of the Labourers in Vineyard | 20:1-16 | ||||
| 262 | The Third Prediction of the Passion | 20:17-19 | 20:17-19 | 10:32-34 | 18:31-34 | |
| 263a | The Sons of Zebedee | 20:20-23 | 20:20-23 | 10:35-40 | ||
| 263b | Precedence among the Disciples | 20:24-28 | 20:24-28 | 10:41-45 | [313] | |
| 264 | The Healing of the Blind Men | 20:29-34 | 20:29-30,32-34 | 10:46-52 | 18:35-43 | |
| 265-266 | ZACCHAEUS AND THE POUNDS | 19:1-27 | ||||
| 269 | The Triumphal Entry | 21:1-9 | 21:1-3,6-9 | 11:1-10 | 19:28-40 | |
| 270 | Jesus Weeps over Jerusalem | 19:41-44 | ||||
| 271 | Jesus in Jerusalem | 21:10-17 | 21:10,17 | 11:11 | [273] | |
| 272 | The Cursing of the Fig Tree | 21:18-19 | 21:18-19 | 11:12-14 | ||
| 273 | The Cleansing of the Temple | [271] | 11:15-17 | 19:45-46 | 19:45-46 | |
| 274 | The Chief Priests Conspire against Jesus | 11:18-19 | 19:47-48 | 19:47-48 | ||
| 275 | The Fig Tree Is Withered | 21:20-22 | 21:20-22 (;6:14) | 11:20-26 | ||
| 276 | The Question about Authority | 21:23-27 | 21:23-27 | 11:27-33 | 20:1-8 | |
| 277 | The Parable of the Two Sons | 21:28-32 | ||||
| 278 | The Parable of the Wicked Husbandmen | 21:33-46 | 21:33-42,46 | 12:1-12 | 20:9-19 | |
| 279 | The Parable of the Great Supper | 22:1-15 | [216] | |||
| 280 | On Paying Tribute to Caesar | 22:16-22 | 22:16-22 | 12:13-17 | 20:20-26 | |
| 281 | The Question about the Resurrection | 22:23-33 | 22:23-32 | 12:18-27 | 20:27-40 | |
| 282 | The Great Commandment | 22:34-40 | 22:34-40 | 12:28-34 | [182] | |
| 283 | The Question about David's Son | 22:41-46 | 22:41-46 | 12:35-37 | 20:41-44 | |
| 284a | Beware of the Scribes | 23:1-7 | 12:38-40 | 20:45-47 | 20:45-47 | |
| 284b-285 | WOES AND LAMENTS | 23:8-39 | ||||
| 286 | The Widow's Mite | 12:41-44 | 21:1-4 | 21:1-4 | ||
| 287 | Prediction of the Destruction of Temple | 24:1-2 | 24:1-2 | 13:1-2 | 21:5-6 | |
| 288 | Signs before the End | 24:3-8 | 24:3-8 | 13:3-8 | 21:7-11 | |
| 289a | Persecutions Foretold | from 100 | 10:17-22 | 13:9-13 | 21:12-19 | |
| 289b | Many Will Fall Away | 24:9-14 | ||||
| 290 | The Desolating Sacrilege | 24:15-22 | 24:15-22 | 13:14-20 | 21:20-24 | |
| 291 | False Christs and False Prophets | 24:23-28 | 24:23-25 | 13:21-23 | [235] | |
| 292 | The Coming of the Son of Man | 24:29-31 | 24:29-31 | 13:24-27 | 21:25-28 | |
| 293 | The Time of the Coming | 24:32-36 | 24:32-36 | 13:28-32 | 21:29-33 | |
| 294 | Take Heed Watch | 13:33-37 | ||||
| 295 | Take Heed to Yourselves | 21:34-36 | ||||
| 296-300 | THE COMING OF THE SON OF MAN | 24:37-25:46 | ||||
| 301 | The Ministry of Jesus in Jerusalem | 21:37-38 | ||||
| The Passion and Resurrection | ||||||
| 305 | Jesus' Death is Premeditated | 26:1-5 | 14:1-2 | 22:1-2 | 22:1-2 | |
| 306 | The Anointing in Bethany | 26:6-13 | 26:6-13 | 14:3-9 | [114a] | |
| 307 | The Betrayal by Judas | 26:14-16 | 26:14-16 | 14:10-11 | 22:3-6 | |
| 308 | Preparation for the Passover | 26:17-20 | 26:17-20 | 14:12-17 | 22:7-14 | |
| 310 | Jesus Foretells His Betrayal | 26:21-25 | 26:21-24 | 14:18-21 | [312] | |
| 311 | The Last Supper | 26:26-30 | 26:26-30 | 14:22-25 | 22:15-20 | |
| 312-313 | THE DISCIPLES | 22:21-30 | ||||
| 315 | Peter's Denial Predicted | 26:31-35 | 26:31-35 | 14:26-31 | 22:31-34 | |
| 316 | The Two Swords | 22:35-38 | ||||
| 330 | Gethsemane | 26:36-46 | 26:36-46 | 14:32-42 | 22:39-46 | |
| 331a | Jesus Arrested | 26:47-56 | 26:47-51,55-56 | 14:43-50 | 22:47-53 | |
| 331b | A Young Man Flees | 14:51-52 | ||||
| 332 | Jesus before the Sanhedrin | 26:57-68 | 26:57-68 | 14:53-65 | [333b] | |
| 333a | Peter's Denial | 26:69-75 | 26:69-75 | 14:66-72 | 22:54-62 | |
| 333b | Jesus before the Sanhedrin | [332] | [332] | 22:63-71 | ||
| 334 | Jesus Delivered to Pilate | 27:1-2 | 27:1-2 | 15:1 | 23:1 | |
| 335 | The Death of Judas | 27:3-10 | ||||
| 336 | The Trial before Pilate | 27:11-14 | 27:11-14 | 15:2-5 | 23:2-5 | |
| 337-338 | HEROD AND PILATE | 23:6-16 | ||||
| 339 | Jesus or Barabbas | 27:15-23 | 27:15-18,20,22-23 | 15:6-14 | 23:17-23 | |
| 341 | Pilate Delivers Jesus to be Crucified | 27:24-26 | 27:26 | 15:15 | 23:24-25 | |
| 342 | Jesus Mocked by the Soldiers | 27:27-31 | 27:27-31 | 15:16-20 | ||
| 343a | The Road to Golgotha | 27:32 | 27:32 | 15:21 | 23:26 | |
| 343b | Daughters of Jerusalem | 23:27-32 | ||||
| 344 | The Crucifixion | 27:33-37 | 27:33-37 | 15:22-26 | 23:33-34 | |
| 345 | Jesus Derided on the Cross | 27:38-43 | 27:38-42 | 15:27-31 | 23:35-38 | |
| 346 | The Two Thieves | 27:44 | 27:44 | 15:32 | 23:39-43 | |
| 347 | The Death of Jesus | 27:45-54 | 27:45-51,54 | 15:33-39 | 23:44-48 | |
| 348 | Witnesses of the Crucifixion | 27:55-56 | 27:55-56 | 15:40-41 | 23:49 | |
| 350 | The Burial of Jesus | 27:57-61 | 27:57-61 | 15:42-47 | 23:50-56 | |
| 351 | The Guard at the Tomb | 27:62-66 | ||||
| 352 | The Women at the Tomb | 28:1-8 | 28:1-3,5-8 | 16:1-8 | 24:1-9 | |
| 353-365 | RESURRECTION APPEARANCES | 28:9-20 | [16:9-20] | 24:10-53 | ||